Why are REITs struggling?
But from a REIT-wide perspective, one of the biggest problems has been rising interest rates. Rising interest rates impact REITs in a number of ways. Directly, interest expenses can go up as the interest rates on variable-coupon debt increase and as fixed-rate debt rolls over.
More than a year of interest rate hikes by the Federal Reserve pushed down returns on real estate investment trusts, or REITs. While higher rates negatively impacted nearly every sector of the economy in 2022 and most of 2023, real estate was hit especially hard.
REITs, landlord companies that own and lease out various types of property, started 2023 strong but were soon pummeled by a one-two punch. First, rising interest rates pushed up the costs of financing property purchases.
The two reasons the market has punished these residential REITs are: A fear that increased construction of rental units will create too much supply. Concerns that rents may now have peaked.
Due to the strong negative correlation, rising interest rates in 2022 directly led to the negative performance of the real estate sector that year. While interest rates have mostly flattened out since October 2022, the higher rates have kept REIT stock prices down.
Does Warren Buffett invest in REITs? The short answer is yes. Berkshire Hathaway does allocate capital real estate ownership throughout REITs. Learn Warren Buffett REIT investments below.
But since REITs are invested in property, there's more protection against the horror show of having shares crash to $0. By law, 75% of a REITs asset must be invested in real estate. The market value of the property owned by the REIT offers a bit of protection, as long as the value of the property doesn't go to zero.
Summary of Why Investors May Not Want to Invest in REITs
But, REITs are not risk free. They may have highly variable returns, are sensitive to changes in interest rates, have income tax implications, may not be liquid, and fees can impact total returns.
REITs historically perform well during and after recessions | Pensions & Investments.
REITs have typically enjoyed strong absolute and relative total return performances after monetary policy tightening cycles end. The valuation divergence between REITs and private real estate will likely converge in 2024, making REITs an attractive option for investors.
Can a REIT lose money?
Any increase in the short-term interest rate eats into the profit—so if it doubled in our example above, there'd be no profit left. And if it goes up even higher, the REIT loses money. All of that makes mortgage REITs extremely volatile, and their dividends are also extremely unpredictable.
If a REIT fails to meet the 95-percent or 75-percent gross income tests but meets the requirements set forth in IRC § 856(c)(6), the REIT does not lose its REIT status but instead pays the tax imposed by IRC § 857(b)(5).
Share prices for US real estate investment trust stocks jumped in the fourth quarter of 2023, outperforming the broader market. The Dow Jones Equity All REIT Index closed the quarter with a 17.9% total return, while the S&P 500 logged an 11.7% return for the quarter.
Though REITs have typically experienced relative total return underperformance during Fed tightening cycles, they have outperformed both private real estate and equities in post-rate hike periods. With the Fed at or near the end of its interest rate hike cycle, this bodes well for 2024 REIT performance.
While the rapid pace of interest-rate hikes over the past 2 years has impacted all sectors, it may have been felt most acutely in the real estate sector. Higher interest rates have meant a higher cost of borrowing for real estate investment trusts (REITs), which has created performance headwinds for 2 straight years.
REITs. When interest rates are falling, dependable, regular income investments become harder to find. This benefits high-quality real estate investment trusts, or REITs. Strictly speaking, REITs are not fixed-income securities; their dividends are not predetermined but are based on income generated from real estate.
# | Name | 1d |
---|---|---|
1 | Prologis 1PLD | 1.81% |
2 | American Tower 2AMT | 2.09% |
3 | Equinix 3EQIX | 0.84% |
4 | Simon Property Group 4SPG | 0.83% |
At that rate of return, a monthly investment of $300 in REITs would grow into $1 million in about 30 years. If you invested more money into REITs or those producing a higher average annual return, you could become a millionaire even faster.
Symbol | Company | REIT performance (1-year total return) |
---|---|---|
AOMR | Angel Oak Mortgage Inc. | 60.92% |
SKT | Tanger Outlets | 55.01% |
MDV | Modiv Industrial Inc. | 44.80% |
SEVN | Seven Hills Realty Trust | 41.52% |
To qualify as a REIT, a company must have the bulk of its assets and income connected to real estate investment and must distribute at least 90 percent of its taxable income to shareholders annually in the form of dividends.
What is bad income for REITs?
This is known as the geographic market test. Section 856 (d)(2) (C) excludes impermissible tenant service income (ITSI) from the definition of rent from real property, making it “bad income” for the 75% and 95% REIT gross income tests.
Also, REITs are widely known for their regular dividends. With rate cuts on the line in the coming year, dividend yields for REITs are likely to be on the attractive side compared with the yields on fixed-income and money-market accounts. This will make REITs desirable to investors.
This is the biggest and most important mistake that REIT investors keep on making. They see REITs as "income vehicles" and therefore, they will select their investments based on their dividend yield. In their mind, the higher the better. But in reality, the dividend is just a capital allocation decision.
Perhaps the biggest advantage of buying REIT shares rather than rental properties is simplicity. REIT investing allows for sharing in value appreciation and rental income without being involved in the hassle of actually buying, managing and selling property. Diversification is another benefit.
The majority of REIT dividends are taxed as ordinary income up to the maximum rate of 37% (returning to 39.6% in 2026), plus a separate 3.8% surtax on investment income. Taxpayers may also generally deduct 20% of the combined qualified business income amount which includes Qualified REIT Dividends through Dec.
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